The 1940s saw the beginning of efforts to reverse Jim Crow laws and racial discrimination in Columbia . In 1945, a federal judge ruled that the city’s black teachers were entitled to equal pay to that of their white counterparts . However, in years following, the state attempted to strip many blacks of their teaching credentials . Other issues in which the blacks of the city sought equality concerned voting rights and segregation (particularly regarding public schools). On August 21, 1962, eight downtown chain stores served blacks at their lunch counters for the first time. In 1963 The University of South Carolina admitted it;s first black students ; around the same time, many vestiges of segregation began to disappear from the city, blacks attained membership on various municipal boards and commissions, and a non-discriminatory hiring policy was adopted by the city. These and other such signs of racial progression helped earn the city the 1964 All-America City Award for the second time (the first being in 1951) and a 1965 article in Newsweek magazine lauded Columbia as a city that had “liberated itself from the plague of doctrinal apartheid.”
During the 1950′s the area’s population continued to grow , having experienced a 40% increase from 186,844 to 260,828, with 97,433 people residing within the city limits of Columbia.
Historic preservation has played a significant part into shaping Columbia into the city that it is today. TIn 1967 the historic Robert Mills House was restored , which inspired the renovation and restoration of other historic structures such as the Hampton-Preston House and homes associated with President Woodrow Wilson, Maxcy Gregg, Mary Boykin Chestnut, and noted free black Celia Mann. In the early 1970s, the University of South Carolina initiated the refurbishment of its “Horseshoe.” Several area museums also benefited from the increased historical interest of that time, among them the Fort Jackson Museum, the McKissick Museum on the campus of the University of South Carolina, and most notably the South Carolina State Museum, which opened in 1988.
Mayor Kirkman Finlay, Jr. was the driving force behind the refurbishment of Seaboard Park, now known as Finlay Park, in the historic Congaree Vista district, as well as the compilation of the $60 million Palmetto Center package, which gave Columbia an office tower, parking garage, and the Columbia Marriott which opened in 1983.
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